Recent Insights into the Morphological, Nutritional and Phytochemical Properties of Indian Gooseberry (Phyllanthus emblica) for the Development of Functional Foods.

Aonla, commonly known as Indian gooseberry (Phyllanthus emblica), is a plant native to India with various therapeutic and dietary benefits. This review covers the taxonomical, morphological, and species-level classifications of aonla fruit, including its flower biology, maturation, harvesting, and yield metrics. It also discusses the nutritional, physico-chemical, and phytochemical characteristics and the total antioxidant and antimicrobial activities and mineral compositions of several aonla fruit cultivars. Additionally, the health benefits of aonla are reviewed, including its analgesic, antipyretic, antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, ulcerogenic, chemo-protective, neuroprotective, free radical scavenging, hypoglycaemic, and immunogenic properties, which make it beneficial in the treatment and prevention of various illnesses. Further various forms of fruit extract are also considered to be beneficial for the improvement of plant and animal health. Overall, aonla is a valuable fruit with significant potential for use in improving human health.

Splenic infarct with polysplenia syndrome and situs inversus.

A rare case of spontaneous splenic infarction with polysplenia and situs inversus is presented. The diagnosis was made by ultrasound and confirmed by CT which showed multiple aberrant right-sided spleens with situs inversus and one of the spleen showing low attenuation areas representing infarct. Polysplenia syndrome is a rare entity associated with heterotaxy syndromes, congenital cyanotic heart diseases, billiary atresia, intestinal malrotation, immotile cilia syndrome, annular or short pancreas, preduodenal portal vein and vena caval anomalies.